pub struct Duration { /* private fields */ }
Expand description
A Duration
type to represent a span of time, typically used for system
timeouts.
Each Duration
is composed of a whole number of seconds and a fractional part
represented in nanoseconds. If the underlying system does not support
nanosecond-level precision, APIs binding a system timeout will typically round up
the number of nanoseconds.
Duration
s implement many common traits, including Add
, Sub
, and other
ops
traits. It implements Default
by returning a zero-length Duration
.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let five_seconds = Duration::new(5, 0);
let five_seconds_and_five_nanos = five_seconds + Duration::new(0, 5);
assert_eq!(five_seconds_and_five_nanos.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(five_seconds_and_five_nanos.subsec_nanos(), 5);
let ten_millis = Duration::from_millis(10);
Run§Formatting Duration
values
Duration
intentionally does not have a Display
impl, as there are a
variety of ways to format spans of time for human readability. Duration
provides a Debug
impl that shows the full precision of the value.
The Debug
output uses the non-ASCII “µs” suffix for microseconds. If your
program output may appear in contexts that cannot rely on full Unicode
compatibility, you may wish to format Duration
objects yourself or use a
crate to do so.
Implementations§
source§impl Duration
impl Duration
sourcepub const SECOND: Duration = _
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (duration_constants
#57391)
pub const SECOND: Duration = _
duration_constants
#57391)sourcepub const MILLISECOND: Duration = _
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (duration_constants
#57391)
pub const MILLISECOND: Duration = _
duration_constants
#57391)sourcepub const MICROSECOND: Duration = _
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (duration_constants
#57391)
pub const MICROSECOND: Duration = _
duration_constants
#57391)sourcepub const NANOSECOND: Duration = _
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (duration_constants
#57391)
pub const NANOSECOND: Duration = _
duration_constants
#57391)1.53.0 · sourcepub const MAX: Duration = _
pub const MAX: Duration = _
The maximum duration.
May vary by platform as necessary. Must be able to contain the difference between
two instances of Instant
or two instances of SystemTime
.
This constraint gives it a value of about 584,942,417,355 years in practice,
which is currently used on all platforms.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::MAX, Duration::new(u64::MAX, 1_000_000_000 - 1));
Runconst: 1.58.0 · sourcepub const fn new(secs: u64, nanos: u32) -> Duration
pub const fn new(secs: u64, nanos: u32) -> Duration
Creates a new Duration
from the specified number of whole seconds and
additional nanoseconds.
If the number of nanoseconds is greater than 1 billion (the number of nanoseconds in a second), then it will carry over into the seconds provided.
§Panics
This constructor will panic if the carry from the nanoseconds overflows the seconds counter.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let five_seconds = Duration::new(5, 0);
Runconst: 1.32.0 · sourcepub const fn from_millis(millis: u64) -> Duration
pub const fn from_millis(millis: u64) -> Duration
1.27.0 (const: 1.32.0) · sourcepub const fn from_micros(micros: u64) -> Duration
pub const fn from_micros(micros: u64) -> Duration
1.27.0 (const: 1.32.0) · sourcepub const fn from_nanos(nanos: u64) -> Duration
pub const fn from_nanos(nanos: u64) -> Duration
1.53.0 (const: 1.53.0) · sourcepub const fn is_zero(&self) -> bool
pub const fn is_zero(&self) -> bool
Returns true if this Duration
spans no time.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
assert!(Duration::ZERO.is_zero());
assert!(Duration::new(0, 0).is_zero());
assert!(Duration::from_nanos(0).is_zero());
assert!(Duration::from_secs(0).is_zero());
assert!(!Duration::new(1, 1).is_zero());
assert!(!Duration::from_nanos(1).is_zero());
assert!(!Duration::from_secs(1).is_zero());
Runconst: 1.32.0 · sourcepub const fn as_secs(&self) -> u64
pub const fn as_secs(&self) -> u64
Returns the number of whole seconds contained by this Duration
.
The returned value does not include the fractional (nanosecond) part of the
duration, which can be obtained using subsec_nanos
.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let duration = Duration::new(5, 730023852);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);
RunTo determine the total number of seconds represented by the Duration
including the fractional part, use as_secs_f64
or as_secs_f32
1.27.0 (const: 1.32.0) · sourcepub const fn subsec_millis(&self) -> u32
pub const fn subsec_millis(&self) -> u32
Returns the fractional part of this Duration
, in whole milliseconds.
This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by milliseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one thousand).
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let duration = Duration::from_millis(5432);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_millis(), 432);
Run1.27.0 (const: 1.32.0) · sourcepub const fn subsec_micros(&self) -> u32
pub const fn subsec_micros(&self) -> u32
Returns the fractional part of this Duration
, in whole microseconds.
This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by microseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one million).
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let duration = Duration::from_micros(1_234_567);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 1);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_micros(), 234_567);
Runconst: 1.32.0 · sourcepub const fn subsec_nanos(&self) -> u32
pub const fn subsec_nanos(&self) -> u32
Returns the fractional part of this Duration
, in nanoseconds.
This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by nanoseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one billion).
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let duration = Duration::from_millis(5010);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_nanos(), 10_000_000);
Runsourcepub const fn abs_diff(self, other: Duration) -> Duration
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (duration_abs_diff
#117618)
pub const fn abs_diff(self, other: Duration) -> Duration
duration_abs_diff
#117618)Computes the absolute difference between self
and other
.
§Examples
Basic usage:
#![feature(duration_abs_diff)]
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(100, 0).abs_diff(Duration::new(80, 0)), Duration::new(20, 0));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(100, 400_000_000).abs_diff(Duration::new(110, 0)), Duration::new(9, 600_000_000));
Run1.16.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn checked_add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Option<Duration>
pub const fn checked_add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Option<Duration>
Checked Duration
addition. Computes self + other
, returning None
if overflow occurred.
§Examples
Basic usage:
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).checked_add(Duration::new(0, 1)), Some(Duration::new(0, 1)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).checked_add(Duration::new(u64::MAX, 0)), None);
Run1.53.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn saturating_add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Duration
pub const fn saturating_add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Duration
Saturating Duration
addition. Computes self + other
, returning Duration::MAX
if overflow occurred.
§Examples
#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).saturating_add(Duration::new(0, 1)), Duration::new(0, 1));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).saturating_add(Duration::new(u64::MAX, 0)), Duration::MAX);
Run1.16.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn checked_sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Option<Duration>
pub const fn checked_sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Option<Duration>
Checked Duration
subtraction. Computes self - other
, returning None
if the result would be negative or if overflow occurred.
§Examples
Basic usage:
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 1).checked_sub(Duration::new(0, 0)), Some(Duration::new(0, 1)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).checked_sub(Duration::new(0, 1)), None);
Run1.53.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn saturating_sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Duration
pub const fn saturating_sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Duration
Saturating Duration
subtraction. Computes self - other
, returning Duration::ZERO
if the result would be negative or if overflow occurred.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 1).saturating_sub(Duration::new(0, 0)), Duration::new(0, 1));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).saturating_sub(Duration::new(0, 1)), Duration::ZERO);
Run1.16.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn checked_mul(self, rhs: u32) -> Option<Duration>
pub const fn checked_mul(self, rhs: u32) -> Option<Duration>
1.53.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn saturating_mul(self, rhs: u32) -> Duration
pub const fn saturating_mul(self, rhs: u32) -> Duration
Saturating Duration
multiplication. Computes self * other
, returning
Duration::MAX
if overflow occurred.
§Examples
#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 500_000_001).saturating_mul(2), Duration::new(1, 2));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(u64::MAX - 1, 0).saturating_mul(2), Duration::MAX);
Run1.16.0 (const: 1.58.0) · sourcepub const fn checked_div(self, rhs: u32) -> Option<Duration>
pub const fn checked_div(self, rhs: u32) -> Option<Duration>
Checked Duration
division. Computes self / other
, returning None
if other == 0
.
§Examples
Basic usage:
use std::time::Duration;
assert_eq!(Duration::new(2, 0).checked_div(2), Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).checked_div(2), Some(Duration::new(0, 500_000_000)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(2, 0).checked_div(0), None);
Run1.38.0 (const: unstable) · sourcepub fn as_secs_f64(&self) -> f64
pub fn as_secs_f64(&self) -> f64
1.38.0 (const: unstable) · sourcepub fn as_secs_f32(&self) -> f32
pub fn as_secs_f32(&self) -> f32
1.38.0 · sourcepub fn from_secs_f64(secs: f64) -> Duration
pub fn from_secs_f64(secs: f64) -> Duration
Creates a new Duration
from the specified number of seconds represented
as f64
.
§Panics
This constructor will panic if secs
is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 420));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(2, 700_000_000));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(30_000_000_000, 0));
// subnormal float
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(f64::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
// conversion uses rounding
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 1));
Run1.38.0 · sourcepub fn from_secs_f32(secs: f32) -> Duration
pub fn from_secs_f32(secs: f32) -> Duration
Creates a new Duration
from the specified number of seconds represented
as f32
.
§Panics
This constructor will panic if secs
is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 420));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(2, 700_000_048));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(30_000_001_024, 0));
// subnormal float
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(f32::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
// conversion uses rounding
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 1));
Run1.38.0 · sourcepub fn mul_f64(self, rhs: f64) -> Duration
pub fn mul_f64(self, rhs: f64) -> Duration
Multiplies Duration
by f64
.
§Panics
This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f64(3.14), Duration::new(8, 478_000_000));
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f64(3.14e5), Duration::new(847_800, 0));
Run1.38.0 · sourcepub fn mul_f32(self, rhs: f32) -> Duration
pub fn mul_f32(self, rhs: f32) -> Duration
Multiplies Duration
by f32
.
§Panics
This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f32(3.14), Duration::new(8, 478_000_641));
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f32(3.14e5), Duration::new(847800, 0));
Run1.38.0 · sourcepub fn div_f64(self, rhs: f64) -> Duration
pub fn div_f64(self, rhs: f64) -> Duration
Divide Duration
by f64
.
§Panics
This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.div_f64(3.14), Duration::new(0, 859_872_611));
assert_eq!(dur.div_f64(3.14e5), Duration::new(0, 8_599));
Run1.38.0 · sourcepub fn div_f32(self, rhs: f32) -> Duration
pub fn div_f32(self, rhs: f32) -> Duration
Divide Duration
by f32
.
§Panics
This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
// note that due to rounding errors result is slightly
// different from 0.859_872_611
assert_eq!(dur.div_f32(3.14), Duration::new(0, 859_872_580));
assert_eq!(dur.div_f32(3.14e5), Duration::new(0, 8_599));
Runconst: unstable · sourcepub fn div_duration_f64(self, rhs: Duration) -> f64
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (div_duration
#63139)
pub fn div_duration_f64(self, rhs: Duration) -> f64
div_duration
#63139)source§impl Duration
impl Duration
1.66.0 · sourcepub fn try_from_secs_f32(secs: f32) -> Result<Duration, TryFromFloatSecsError>
pub fn try_from_secs_f32(secs: f32) -> Result<Duration, TryFromFloatSecsError>
The checked version of from_secs_f32
.
This constructor will return an Err
if secs
is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 420)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(2, 700_000_048)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(30_000_001_024, 0)));
// subnormal float:
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(f32::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(-5.0);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(f32::NAN);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(2e19);
assert!(res.is_err());
// the conversion uses rounding with tie resolution to even
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 1)));
// this float represents exactly 976562.5e-9
let val = f32::from_bits(0x3A80_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 976_562)));
// this float represents exactly 2929687.5e-9
let val = f32::from_bits(0x3B40_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 2_929_688)));
// this float represents exactly 1.000_976_562_5
let val = f32::from_bits(0x3F802000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 976_562)));
// this float represents exactly 1.002_929_687_5
let val = f32::from_bits(0x3F806000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 2_929_688)));
Run1.66.0 · sourcepub fn try_from_secs_f64(secs: f64) -> Result<Duration, TryFromFloatSecsError>
pub fn try_from_secs_f64(secs: f64) -> Result<Duration, TryFromFloatSecsError>
The checked version of from_secs_f64
.
This constructor will return an Err
if secs
is negative, overflows Duration
or not finite.
§Examples
use std::time::Duration;
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 420)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(2, 700_000_000)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(30_000_000_000, 0)));
// subnormal float
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(f64::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(-5.0);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(f64::NAN);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(2e19);
assert!(res.is_err());
// the conversion uses rounding with tie resolution to even
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 1)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999_999_999_499);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 999_999_999)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999_999_999_501);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(42.999_999_999_499);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(42, 999_999_999)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(42.999_999_999_501);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(43, 0)));
// this float represents exactly 976562.5e-9
let val = f64::from_bits(0x3F50_0000_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 976_562)));
// this float represents exactly 2929687.5e-9
let val = f64::from_bits(0x3F68_0000_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 2_929_688)));
// this float represents exactly 1.000_976_562_5
let val = f64::from_bits(0x3FF0_0400_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 976_562)));
// this float represents exactly 1.002_929_687_5
let val = f64::from_bits(0x3_FF00_C000_0000_000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 2_929_688)));
RunTrait Implementations§
1.8.0 · source§impl Add<Duration> for SystemTime
impl Add<Duration> for SystemTime
source§fn add(self, dur: Duration) -> SystemTime
fn add(self, dur: Duration) -> SystemTime
§Panics
This function may panic if the resulting point in time cannot be represented by the
underlying data structure. See SystemTime::checked_add
for a version without panic.
§type Output = SystemTime
type Output = SystemTime
+
operator.1.9.0 · source§impl AddAssign<Duration> for Instant
impl AddAssign<Duration> for Instant
source§fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
+=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl AddAssign<Duration> for SystemTime
impl AddAssign<Duration> for SystemTime
source§fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
+=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl AddAssign for Duration
impl AddAssign for Duration
source§fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)
fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)
+=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl DivAssign<u32> for Duration
impl DivAssign<u32> for Duration
source§fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: u32)
fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: u32)
/=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl MulAssign<u32> for Duration
impl MulAssign<u32> for Duration
source§fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: u32)
fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: u32)
*=
operation. Read moresource§impl Ord for Duration
impl Ord for Duration
source§impl PartialEq for Duration
impl PartialEq for Duration
source§impl PartialOrd for Duration
impl PartialOrd for Duration
1.0.0 · source§fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool
fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool
self
and other
) and is used by the <=
operator. Read more1.8.0 · source§impl Sub<Duration> for SystemTime
impl Sub<Duration> for SystemTime
§type Output = SystemTime
type Output = SystemTime
-
operator.1.9.0 · source§impl SubAssign<Duration> for Instant
impl SubAssign<Duration> for Instant
source§fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
-=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl SubAssign<Duration> for SystemTime
impl SubAssign<Duration> for SystemTime
source§fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Duration)
-=
operation. Read more1.9.0 · source§impl SubAssign for Duration
impl SubAssign for Duration
source§fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)
fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)
-=
operation. Read more