Trait core::ops::FnMut

1.0.0 · source ·

pub trait FnMut<Args: Tuple>: FnOnce<Args> {
    // Required method
    extern "rust-call" fn call_mut(
        &mut self,
        args: Args
    ) -> Self::Output;
}

Expand description

The version of the call operator that takes a mutable receiver.

Instances of FnMut can be called repeatedly and may mutate state.

FnMut is implemented automatically by closures which take mutable references to captured variables, as well as all types that implement Fn, e.g., (safe) function pointers (since FnMut is a supertrait of Fn). Additionally, for any type F that implements FnMut, &mut F implements FnMut, too.

Since FnOnce is a supertrait of FnMut, any instance of FnMut can be used where a FnOnce is expected, and since Fn is a subtrait of FnMut, any instance of Fn can be used where FnMut is expected.

Use FnMut as a bound when you want to accept a parameter of function-like type and need to call it repeatedly, while allowing it to mutate state. If you don’t want the parameter to mutate state, use Fn as a bound; if you don’t need to call it repeatedly, use FnOnce.

See the chapter on closures in The Rust Programming Language for some more information on this topic.

Also of note is the special syntax for Fn traits (e.g. Fn(usize, bool) -> usize). Those interested in the technical details of this can refer to the relevant section in the Rustonomicon.

§Examples

§Calling a mutably capturing closure

let mut x = 5;
{
    let mut square_x = || x *= x;
    square_x();
}
assert_eq!(x, 25);

Run

§Using a `FnMut` parameter

fn do_twice<F>(mut func: F)
    where F: FnMut()
{
    func();
    func();
}

let mut x: usize = 1;
{
    let add_two_to_x = || x += 2;
    do_twice(add_two_to_x);
}

assert_eq!(x, 5);

Run